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# import/order
🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
<!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
Enforce a convention in the order of `require()` / `import` statements.
With the [`groups`](#groups-array) option set to `["builtin", "external", "internal", "parent", "sibling", "index", "object", "type"]` the order is as shown in the following example:
```ts
// 1. node "builtin" modules
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
// 2. "external" modules
import _ from 'lodash';
import chalk from 'chalk';
// 3. "internal" modules
// (if you have configured your path or webpack to handle your internal paths differently)
import foo from 'src/foo';
// 4. modules from a "parent" directory
import foo from '../foo';
import qux from '../../foo/qux';
// 5. "sibling" modules from the same or a sibling's directory
import bar from './bar';
import baz from './bar/baz';
// 6. "index" of the current directory
import main from './';
// 7. "object"-imports (only available in TypeScript)
import log = console.log;
// 8. "type" imports (only available in Flow and TypeScript)
import type { Foo } from 'foo';
```
Unassigned imports are ignored, as the order they are imported in may be important.
Statements using the ES6 `import` syntax must appear before any `require()` statements.
## Fail
```ts
import _ from 'lodash';
import path from 'path'; // `path` import should occur before import of `lodash`
// -----
var _ = require('lodash');
var path = require('path'); // `path` import should occur before import of `lodash`
// -----
var path = require('path');
import foo from './foo'; // `import` statements must be before `require` statement
```
## Pass
```ts
import path from 'path';
import _ from 'lodash';
// -----
var path = require('path');
var _ = require('lodash');
// -----
// Allowed as ̀`babel-register` is not assigned.
require('babel-register');
var path = require('path');
// -----
// Allowed as `import` must be before `require`
import foo from './foo';
var path = require('path');
```
## Limitations of `--fix`
Unbound imports are assumed to have side effects, and will never be moved/reordered. This can cause other imports to get "stuck" around them, and the fix to fail.
```javascript
import b from 'b'
import 'format.css'; // This will prevent --fix from working.
import a from 'a'
```
As a workaround, move unbound imports to be entirely above or below bound ones.
```javascript
import 'format1.css'; // OK
import b from 'b'
import a from 'a'
import 'format2.css'; // OK
```
## Options
This rule supports the following options:
### `groups: [array]`
How groups are defined, and the order to respect. `groups` must be an array of `string` or [`string`]. The only allowed `string`s are:
`"builtin"`, `"external"`, `"internal"`, `"unknown"`, `"parent"`, `"sibling"`, `"index"`, `"object"`, `"type"`.
The enforced order is the same as the order of each element in a group. Omitted types are implicitly grouped together as the last element. Example:
```ts
[
'builtin', // Built-in types are first
['sibling', 'parent'], // Then sibling and parent types. They can be mingled together
'index', // Then the index file
'object',
// Then the rest: internal and external type
]
```
The default value is `["builtin", "external", "parent", "sibling", "index"]`.
You can set the options like this:
```ts
"import/order": [
"error",
{
"groups": [
"index",
"sibling",
"parent",
"internal",
"external",
"builtin",
"object",
"type"
]
}
]
```
### `pathGroups: [array of objects]`
To be able to group by paths mostly needed with aliases pathGroups can be defined.
Properties of the objects
| property | required | type | description |
|----------------|:--------:|--------|---------------|
| pattern | x | string | minimatch pattern for the paths to be in this group (will not be used for builtins or externals) |
| patternOptions | | object | options for minimatch, default: { nocomment: true } |
| group | x | string | one of the allowed groups, the pathGroup will be positioned relative to this group |
| position | | string | defines where around the group the pathGroup will be positioned, can be 'after' or 'before', if not provided pathGroup will be positioned like the group |
```json
{
"import/order": ["error", {
"pathGroups": [
{
"pattern": "~/**",
"group": "external"
}
]
}]
}
```
### `distinctGroup: [boolean]`
This changes how `pathGroups[].position` affects grouping. The property is most useful when `newlines-between` is set to `always` and at least 1 `pathGroups` entry has a `position` property set.
By default, in the context of a particular `pathGroup` entry, when setting `position`, a new "group" will silently be created. That is, even if the `group` is specified, a newline will still separate imports that match that `pattern` with the rest of the group (assuming `newlines-between` is `always`). This is undesirable if your intentions are to use `position` to position _within_ the group (and not create a new one). Override this behavior by setting `distinctGroup` to `false`; this will keep imports within the same group as intended.
Note that currently, `distinctGroup` defaults to `true`. However, in a later update, the default will change to `false`
Example:
```json
{
"import/order": ["error", {
"newlines-between": "always",
"pathGroups": [
{
"pattern": "@app/**",
"group": "external",
"position": "after"
}
],
"distinctGroup": false
}]
}
```
### `pathGroupsExcludedImportTypes: [array]`
This defines import types that are not handled by configured pathGroups.
If you have added path groups with patterns that look like `"builtin"` or `"external"` imports, you have to remove this group (`"builtin"` and/or `"external"`) from the default exclusion list (e.g., `["builtin", "external", "object"]`, etc) to sort these path groups correctly.
Example:
```json
{
"import/order": ["error", {
"pathGroups": [
{
"pattern": "@app/**",
"group": "external",
"position": "after"
}
],
"pathGroupsExcludedImportTypes": ["builtin"]
}]
}
```
[Import Type](https://github.com/import-js/eslint-plugin-import/blob/HEAD/src/core/importType.js#L90) is resolved as a fixed string in predefined set, it can't be a `patterns`(e.g., `react`, `react-router-dom`, etc). See [#2156] for details.
### `newlines-between: [ignore|always|always-and-inside-groups|never]`
Enforces or forbids new lines between import groups:
- If set to `ignore`, no errors related to new lines between import groups will be reported.
- If set to `always`, at least one new line between each group will be enforced, and new lines inside a group will be forbidden. To prevent multiple lines between imports, core `no-multiple-empty-lines` rule can be used.
- If set to `always-and-inside-groups`, it will act like `always` except newlines are allowed inside import groups.
- If set to `never`, no new lines are allowed in the entire import section.
The default value is `"ignore"`.
With the default group setting, the following will be invalid:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "always"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "always-and-inside-groups"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "never"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
while those will be valid:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "always"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "always-and-inside-groups"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"newlines-between": "never"}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import index from './';
import sibling from './foo';
```
### `named: true|false|{ enabled: true|false, import: true|false, export: true|false, require: true|false, cjsExports: true|false, types: mixed|types-first|types-last }`
Enforce ordering of names within imports and exports:
- If set to `true`, named imports must be ordered according to the `alphabetize` options
- If set to `false`, named imports can occur in any order
`enabled` enables the named ordering for all expressions by default.
Use `import`, `export` and `require` and `cjsExports` to override the enablement for the following kind of expressions:
- `import`:
```ts
import { Readline } from "readline";
```
- `export`:
```ts
export { Readline };
// and
export { Readline } from "readline";
```
- `require`
```ts
const { Readline } = require("readline");
```
- `cjsExports`
```ts
module.exports.Readline = Readline;
// and
module.exports = { Readline };
```
The `types` option allows you to specify the order of `import`s and `export`s of `type` specifiers.
Following values are possible:
- `types-first`: forces `type` specifiers to occur first
- `types-last`: forces value specifiers to occur first
- `mixed`: sorts all specifiers in alphabetical order
The default value is `false`.
Example setting:
```ts
{
named: true,
alphabetize: {
order: 'asc'
}
}
```
This will fail the rule check:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"named": true, "alphabetize": {"order": "asc"}}] */
import { compose, apply } from 'xcompose';
```
While this will pass:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"named": true, "alphabetize": {"order": "asc"}}] */
import { apply, compose } from 'xcompose';
```
### `alphabetize: {order: asc|desc|ignore, orderImportKind: asc|desc|ignore, caseInsensitive: true|false}`
Sort the order within each group in alphabetical manner based on **import path**:
- `order`: use `asc` to sort in ascending order, and `desc` to sort in descending order (default: `ignore`).
- `orderImportKind`: use `asc` to sort in ascending order various import kinds, e.g. imports prefixed with `type` or `typeof`, with same import path. Use `desc` to sort in descending order (default: `ignore`).
- `caseInsensitive`: use `true` to ignore case, and `false` to consider case (default: `false`).
Example setting:
```ts
alphabetize: {
order: 'asc', /* sort in ascending order. Options: ['ignore', 'asc', 'desc'] */
caseInsensitive: true /* ignore case. Options: [true, false] */
}
```
This will fail the rule check:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"alphabetize": {"order": "asc", "caseInsensitive": true}}] */
import React, { PureComponent } from 'react';
import aTypes from 'prop-types';
import { compose, apply } from 'xcompose';
import * as classnames from 'classnames';
import blist from 'BList';
```
While this will pass:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"alphabetize": {"order": "asc", "caseInsensitive": true}}] */
import blist from 'BList';
import * as classnames from 'classnames';
import aTypes from 'prop-types';
import React, { PureComponent } from 'react';
import { compose, apply } from 'xcompose';
```
### `warnOnUnassignedImports: true|false`
- default: `false`
Warns when unassigned imports are out of order. These warning will not be fixed
with `--fix` because unassigned imports are used for side-effects and changing the
import of order of modules with side effects can not be done automatically in a
way that is safe.
This will fail the rule check:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"warnOnUnassignedImports": true}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import './styles.css';
import path from 'path';
```
While this will pass:
```ts
/* eslint import/order: ["error", {"warnOnUnassignedImports": true}] */
import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import './styles.css';
```
## Related
- [`import/external-module-folders`] setting
- [`import/internal-regex`] setting
[`import/external-module-folders`]: ../../README.md#importexternal-module-folders
[`import/internal-regex`]: ../../README.md#importinternal-regex
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